The Effect of The Bio-Inspired Airfoil NACA 4415 at High Reynolds Number

  • Saphira Anggraita Siswanto Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta ORCID
  • James Julian Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta ORCID
  • Fitri Wahyuni Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
  • Riki Hendra Purba Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
  • Fathin Muhammad Madhudhu Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
  • Elvi Armadani Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
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Published 2026-01-03
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Abstract

The topic of airfoil modification and its impact on aerodynamic performance is a highly debated issue in aerospace engineering circles. This study examines the effect of the NACA 4415 bio-inspired nose airfoil on its aerodynamic performance by adding spinner dolphin and roughtoothed dolphin geometries to the leading edge using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method at a Reynolds number of Re = 106. Simulations were conducted to analyze changes in the lift coefficient (Cl), drag coefficient (Cd), and moment coefficient (Cm), which serve as indicators of aerodynamic performance and stability. The results show that the baseline NACA 4415 airfoil produces the highest lift and the lowest drag overall, making it suitable for applications requiring maximum lift and minimum drag. Spinner dolphins has a smaller percentage increase in Cd, at 41.933%, compared to the baseline. In contrast, roughtoothed dolphins with an average percentage of 56.004% compared to the baseline exhibit a higher percentage increase in Cd. Conversely, in the Cl data, the percentage decreased in   dolphins has a larger average, namely -14.607%, compared to the baseline, whereas the spinner dolphin type only has an average of -8.713%. In the Cm data, the Roughtoothed Dolphin and Spinner Dolphin have higher and more stable Cm than NACA 4415. This study confirms that bio-inspired modifications can significantly impact aerodynamic performance, depending on operating conditions.

Keywords

airfoil bio-inspired CFD nondimensional parameter NACA 4415

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Vol. 10 No. 2: Desember 2025

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How to Cite

[1]
“The Effect of The Bio-Inspired Airfoil NACA 4415 at High Reynolds Number”, JTERA, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 181–190, Jan. 2026, Accessed: Jun. 10, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://jtera.polteksmi.ac.id/index.php/jtera/article/view/1213